by anderson
On August 25, 1609, Galilei Galileo demonstrated his new instrument, the telescope, to Venetian merchants. Though the "spyglass" had already existed for sometime, Galileo refined the design and then would soon do something out of this world: he pointed the tiny telescope at the sky and began observing phenomenon that directly contradicted the dominant dogma of the time.
Though his initial observations of Jupiter and the "Galilean moons" would not directly support the Copernican heliocentric theory, they did amply demonstrate that the idea of universal geocentrism was dead. Unpersuaded by physical evidence that the dominant world view was wrong -- hopelessly wrong -- The Catholic Church would fight reality for centuries, ultimately conceding an untenable position. It took the Church almost 360 years to forgive Galileo for the unholy transgression of observing the world as it is, when Pope John Paul II issued Galileo's pardon on October 31, 1992.
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